SVERDLOV, chairman of the Central Executive Committee
Yakov Sverdlov lived a short life (June 3, 1885 - March 16, 1919), at the time of death he was 34 years old.
After finishing four years of primary school, After spending a short time an assistant pharmacist, Sverdlov, 15 years old, went into a revolution.
On the eve of the Revolution of 1905 Sverdlov Urals creates an organization called "combat unit of the national weapons", which became one of the most murderous organizations 1905-07 revolution.
One of the most active militants organization was Myachin, who under the name of Commissioner Yakovlev moved in 1918, the royal family from Tobolsk to Ekaterinburg.
6 / 19 May 1905 on the birthday of the Emperor, Sverdlov wrote the leaflet: "Now is your hour, the last time you and all yours! That Judgement, the revolution is coming! "
After the defeat of the revolution, in 1906, Sverdlov, was arrested and sentenced to two years in prison. Desperate thief feared frail bespectacled Sverdlov. He insults not forgive.
In March 1910 refers to the Narym Sverdlov region for three years, where he met with S. Goloshekin. In July 1910, Sverdlov runs from exile, he caught and exiled for five years in Turukhansk Territory, where he met with Joseph Stalin. Between them immediately arose mutual rejection. In Turukhansk Sverdlov found the February revolution.
Sverdlov in Yekaterinburg organize a single party organization. After participating in Petrograd in the 7 th April Conference RSDLP (b), where the first meeting with Lenin. At the conference, Sverdlov was elected secretary of the Central Committee. After the October Revolution, Lenin, to everyone's surprise, offers his candidacy for the presidency of the Central Executive Committee.
Since then, Sverdlov becomes virtually equal footing with Lenin, and in some matters, he has even more than Lenin government. Sverdlov perceived by many foreign circles as the most influential person in the Soviet hierarchy. In March 1918, U.S. President Wilson sends a congratulatory telegram addressed Sverdlov opened in Moscow, the Congress of Soviets. Deutsch Ambassador Mirbach all the important things also leads mainly with Sverdlov, not Lenin.
 With each passing month, the authorities Sverdlov all grow stronger. Chairman of the Central Executive Committee, member of the Central Committee, secretary of the Central Committee, Sverdlov gradually concentrates in the hands of all party work. His signature is most often glimpsed by the documents. It is called "Brain Party.
Sverdlov introduces the horrors chekistsk leather form. Sverdlov himself walking in the skin from head to toe - from boots to a leather cap.
Unlike Lenin and Trotsky, he does not utter hysterical and emotional speeches, no rounds of the fronts in the former royal carriages, not giving interviews to the foreign press, and almost never appeared in the pages of newspapers and magazines.
He occupies the highest post in the Soviet state, all the time remained as if in the shadows, preferring to lead from behind a curtain. His speech, always calm and reasonable, his intellectual view with the same glasses and pointed beard, his almond-shaped, always a little sad eyes, but rather made one think of a country doctor than on the leaders of one of the most murderous regimes in world history.
It was a lot of inner fire in him, but outwardly Sverdlov was a man absolutely icy. When he was not on the podium, he spoke softly, quietly went about all his gestures were slow.
All who knew Sverdlov, and knew how deceptive this image of an intelligent doctor. It felt such a powerful force, this iron conviction commits to that perforce it recognized the unofficial leader of the whole party. His gentle voice of awe many times greater than the cries of Lenin.
March 3, 1919 Sverdlov, after returning from the city of Eagle has suddenly died in great torment, in constant delirium. According to one official version, he caught a cold, speaking at a rally, but on the other was beaten to death working
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