NIKI.  The last Russian emperor. A loving husband, father of five children. 

           Nicholas II (Nikolay Alexandrovich Romanov) (19.05.1868-17.07.1918), Russian Tsar, the Russian Emperor, the son of Tsar Alexander III. Upbringing and education Nicholas II was under the personal guidance of his father, the traditional religious manner, in Spartan conditions. Much attention was given to the military training of the future king. 
         On Nicholas II ascended the throne in 26 years, as a result of premature death of his father. Nicholas II was able to quickly recover from the initial confusion and began to conduct independent policy than aroused resentment of their environment, expects to influence the young king. 
         In his first address to the nation Nikolai ushered that "from now on he entered the covenant of his deceased parents, accept the sacred vows in the face of God always have a shared goal of peace prosperity, power and glory of Russia and expensive arranging the happiness of all his loyal". In an address to foreign States to Nicholas II declared that "to devote all of their concerns the development of the domestic welfare of Russia and does not shirk from it is a peace-loving, strong and single-policy, so powerfully promote universal give painless relief ...". 
          An example of a ruler to Nicholas II was Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, cherish the traditions of antiquity. However, the time in which to reign fell to Nicholas II, strongly differed from the first era of the Romanovs. If then the foundations of folk traditions and served a unifying banner of a society that revered and simple people, and the ruling layer, by Mr.. XX century. Russian bases and traditions are subject to denial on the part of educated society. 
         The tragedy of the life of Nicholas II was the insoluble contradiction between his deepest convictions to keep the foundations and traditions of Russia and nihilistic attempts a large part of the educated strata of the country to destroy them. And it was not just about preserving the traditional forms of governance, and the salvation of the Russian national culture, which he felt was in mortal danger. 
         Strong foundation and keep the traditions of Russia, coupled with a deep sense of responsibility for its destiny did imp. Nicholas II ascetics ideas for which he gave his life. 
         "Faith in God and in his duty of Tsarskoye ministry - writes historian S. Oldenburg - were the basis for all the views of Emperor Nicholas II. He believed that the responsibility for the fate of Russia lies on him, that he was responsible for them before the throne of God. Others can give advice, others may hinder him, but the answer for Russia before God rests upon him. 
         Teacher heir to the throne Zhilyar observed restraint and composure Nicholas Alexandrovich, his ability to manage their feelings. Even in relation to bad for him the people tried to keep the emperor himself as may be expected. 
         "Whatever happened in the soul of Sovereign, - recalls SD Sazonov, - he never changed in their relationship to those around him. I had to see him close in a moment of terrible anxiety for the life of the only son, which concentrated all his tenderness, and, except for a silent and an even greater restraint, there is no impact of his suffering. " 
         "The appearance of Nicholas II, - wrote to the wife of British Ambassador Buchanan - was the true nobility and charm, which, in all likelihood, most tailos in his serious blue eyes, than in the liveliness and gaiety nature." 
         Describing the personality of Nicholas II, German diplomat Count Rex considered spiritually gifted man of the king, the noble way of thinking, slow and easy. "His manners, - wrote a diplomat - he is so modest and so little has external determination, it is easy to conclude on the lack of strong will, but the people surrounding him, assured that he is a will, it can hold a very calm manner. " 
         Persistent and tireless will to implement its plans to note the majority of people knew the king. Until the plan was not implemented, the king to return to him, seeking his. Already mentioned Oldenburg historian observes that the "sovereign, over the iron hand was velvet glove." 
         Long been accepted that the king will have subordinated their queen, because she had a more solid nature, spiritually guided them. This is wrong and very cursory look at their relationship. There are many examples in their letters, they meet frequently, as sovereign has been steadily carried out its will, if I felt the correctness of its decision. But it can be persuaded to reverse its decision if it detects the error and the true queen. 
         French President Lube, said: "Usually seen in the reign of Nicholas II human kind, generous, but weak. This is a profound mistake. He is always well thought-out plans, which slowly reaches. Under the apparent timidity king has a strong soul and a courageous heart, unswervingly loyal. He knows where he is going and what he wanted. " 
         In addition to the strong will and brilliant education Nicolai has the natural qualities necessary for government business, above all, great working ability. If necessary, he can work from morning till late at night, studying the many documents and materials received in his name. By the way, he willingly engaged in sports and physical labor - pilil firewood, cleaned the snow. With a keen mind and a broad outlook, the king quickly captures the essence of the issues. The king had an exceptional memory for faces and events. He remembered the face of most of the people with whom he had encountered, as were thousands of such people. 
         Emperor Nicholas II, celebrated Oldenburg, and many other historians and public figures of Russia, had a quite extraordinary personal charm. He did not like the celebrations, loud speech, etiquette, he was a burden. It was not like every demonstration, and artificial, all broadcast advertising. At close range, in a conversation face to face, he knew how to enchant people interviewed, whether it is the highest dignitaries visiting or working them to the workshop. 
         Reign of Nicholas II - the most dynamic period in the growth of the Russian people in its history. Less than a quarter of a century the population of Russia increased by 62 million people. Rapidly growing economy. During the 1885-1913 industrial production rose five-fold, exceeding the pace of industrial growth in the most developed countries in the world. It was built the Great Siberian Highway, in addition, each year thousands of built 2 km of railways. 
         People's income in Russia, according to the most understated estimated to have grown from 8 billion rubles. in 1894 to 22-24 billion in 1914, ie almost three-fold. The average income of Russians has doubled. Particularly high rates of rising incomes of workers in the industry. Over a quarter of a century they have increased at least threefold. Total expenditure on the share of public education and culture increased by 8 times, more than two times ahead of spending on education in France and a half times - in England. 
         The identity of Nicholas II has played a huge role in church life in Russia, much more than the role of his predecessor Tsar. Deep faith king, his ongoing pilgrimage to Orthodox shrines of the Caribbean with indigenous Russian people. In the reign of Nicholas II has been glorified more saints than all the XIX century. And, above all, canonized Saint. Seraphim of Sarov. Were built thousands of new churches. The number of churches increased from 774 in 1005 to the beginning of the reign in 1912. 
         Time of Nicholas II - is not only a period of national recovery. Taking advantage of the war imposed on Russia and the difficulties associated with it, the internal enemies of Russia carried out a coup d'état. 
        2 Mar, 1917, being betrayed by their generals, the king was forced to abdicate and was in limbo. The following day marked the beginning of a rapid and irresistible fall of the country into the abyss of terrible suffering. He relinquished his crown, not desiring to be the cause of strife and bloodshed in Russia. 
        It did not take to improve its position, submitting to their fate without complaint. Kept first in Tsarskoe Selo, then in Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg, where the July 17, 1918 was with his family killed by the Bolsheviks heinous.